ONE of the most remarkable characteristics of atoms is their predilection for the number 2 or for even numbers. The nuclei of atoms are now considered to be built up from hydrogen nuclei, which may be ...

This clip shows how carbon is made up from sub-atomic particles. Electron shells are mentioned. Two extra neutrons are added to make an unstable isotope which explodes at the end. This clip could be ...

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

All three isotopes of hydrogen have identical chemical properties. This is because the number of electrons determines chemical properties, and all three isotopes have one electron in their atoms. An ...

While studying the atoms of heavy elements, physicists in Japan discovered a previously unknown isotope of uranium, with atomic number 92 and mass number 241, i.e. uranium-241. The finding refines our ...