Troubleshooting refrigeration equipment often requires measuring various electrical properties such as voltages, current flows, and resistances. Understanding these basic electrical fundamentals and ...

When measuring current with a shunt resistor, what side of the load do you put it on? If you're amplfying the voltage drop across the sense resistor and digitizing that voltage, it makes a difference.

Though current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) are still less common in educational circles and technical literature than voltage feedback operational amplifiers (VFOAs or VFAs), they have ...

Sensing, in all its forms, is fundamental to so many applications. It invariably involves a material that acts as a transducer, to convert one property to another. In electronics, the sensing element ...

The simplest complete circuit is a piece of wire from one end of a battery to the other. An electric current can flow in the wire from one end of the battery to the other, but nothing useful happens.